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71.
新疆小麦Psy-A1、Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、TaLox-B1等位变异对面粉色泽的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用已开发的面粉色泽相关性状基因的分子标记,检测了182份新疆小麦品种(系)的Psy-A1、Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、Ta Lox-B1等位变异,并结合表型鉴定结果,分析不同等位变异对面粉色泽的影响。结果表明,单基因等位变异对面粉色泽的影响不同,其中4个基因等位变异L*值的差异均不显著;对a*值的效应,Psy-A1a高于Psy-A1b(P0.01),Ppo-A1b高于Ppo-A1a(P0.05),Ta Lox-B1a高于Ta Lox-B1b(P0.05);Psy-A1a基因型的b*值高于Psy-A1b基因型(P0.01);Psy-A1a基因型的Wht值低于Psy-A1b基因型(P0.01)。说明Psy-A1是影响面粉色泽(红度、黄度和白度)的重要基因,而Ppo-A1和Ta Lox-B1基因的等位变异只对面粉红度有显著影响。4个检测基因共有12种等位变异组合,对a*、b*和Wht值有显著效应(P0.01),但对L*值影响不显著(P0.05);Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b/Ta Lox-B1b组合具有最高的Wht值和最低的a*、b*值,Psy-A1a/Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b/Ta Lox-B1a组合具有最低的Wht值和最高的a*、b*值。182份品种的Wht值平均为86.86,其中审定品种平均为86.87,冬小麦品种为86.42,春小麦品种为87.32。青春5号具有优良的基因型和较高的面粉白度,应加强利用。总体来看,改良新疆小麦面粉的白度,应重点加强对Psy-A1基因的选择,提高Psy-A1b比例。 相似文献
72.
就不同光质对番茄果实转色期品质变化的影响,以各色荧光灯为光源,在人工控光条件下进行了探究。结果表明,在转色期间不同处理番茄果实的可溶性糖和有机酸含量均于处理后8~10d达最高,而Vc和番茄红素于处理后12d达最大。但不同光质处理间差异明显,红光处理8d后果实可溶性糖含量达到最高,处理后8~10d Vc和番茄红素含量大幅度增加,成熟期比对照(白光)提前2d;红光和蓝光处理均提高了果实的可溶性糖及有机酸含量。各处理Vc含量以蓝光处理为最高,达123.7mg/kg(Fw),显著高于对照。番茄红素含量以红光处理最高 相似文献
73.
研究愈合期不同光照强度对黄瓜嫁接苗定植前质量的影响,旨在为黄瓜嫁接愈合光照的精确化调控提供参考依据。试验将嫁接愈合分为1~3 d、4~6 d、7~10 d 3个时段,分别给予6种不同光照强度梯度处理。结果表明,愈合期在45-90-135μmol·m^-2·s^-1的光照强度梯度下嫁接苗地上部与地下部形态生长显著提升,形态综合指标最佳,较传统愈合条件(0-30-45μmol·m^-2·s^-1)下可溶性糖与可溶性蛋白含量分别提升了65.87%、15.85%,叶绿素荧光参数也表现最优。综合分析表明,45-90-135μmol·m^-2·s^-1的光照强度梯度最有利于黄瓜嫁接苗生长,最有利于嫁接苗可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的积累,且叶片的光合电子传递效率、光合效率和自我保护调节机制较好,可作为黄瓜嫁接愈合期的光照强度条件,这为提升黄瓜嫁接苗的商品质量提供了一些理论依据。 相似文献
74.
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76.
Tatiana Cantuarias-Avilés Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho Eduardo Sanches Stuchi Simone Rodrigues da Silva Erick Espinoza-Nuñez 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Despite its outstanding position, the Brazilian citriculture is established on a very limited pool of varieties that limits its expansion and restricts the fruit availability throughout the year. This situation determines the urgent necessity of developing alternative scion and rootstock cultivars, with good performance under local conditions. ‘Folha Murcha’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) is a late-harvest cultivar, suitable both for the juice processing industry and the fresh fruit market, being described as tolerant to citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri Schaad et al.), and less affected by citrus variegated chlorosis (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.). A study was conducted in Bebedouro, São Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the horticultural performance of ‘Folha Murcha’ sweet orange budded onto 12 rootstocks: the citrandarin ‘Changsha’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) × Poncirus trifoliata ‘English Small’; the hybrid ‘Rangpur’ lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) × ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (P. trifoliata (L.) Raf. × Citrus paradisi Macfad.); the trifoliates (P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.) ‘Rubidoux’, ‘FCAV’, and ‘Flying Dragon’ (P. trifoliata var. monstrosa); the ‘Sun Chu Sha Kat’ mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco); the ‘Sunki’ mandarin (Citrus sunki (Hayata) Hort. ex. Tanaka); the ‘Rangpur’ limes (C. limonia Osbeck) ‘Cravo Limeira’ and ‘Cravo FCAV’; ‘Carrizo’ citrange (C. sinensis × P. trifoliata), ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (P. trifoliata × C. paradisi), and ‘Orlando’ tangelo (C. paradisi × Citrus tangerina cv. ‘Dancy’). The experimental grove was planted in 2001, using a 7 m × 4 m spacing, in a randomized block design, with five replications and two plants per plot. No supplementary irrigation was applied. Fruit yield, canopy volume, tree tolerance to drought and to citrus variegated chlorosis, and fruit quality were assessed for each rootstock. Trees grafted onto the ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate were smaller in size, but had largest yield efficiency when compared to those grafted onto other rootstocks. Lower alternate bearing index was observed on trees budded onto ‘Cravo FCAV’ ‘Rangpur’ lime. Both ‘Rangpur’ lime rootstocks and the ‘Sunki’ mandarin induced higher tree tolerance to drought. The ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate induced better fruit quality and higher tolerance to citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) to ‘Folha Murcha’ trees. A cluster multivariate analysis identified three groups of rootstocks with similar effects on ‘Folha Murcha’ tree performance. Among the 12 evaluated rootstocks, the ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate has a unique effect on plant growth, tolerance to drought and CVC, fruit yield and fruit quality of ‘Folha Murcha’ trees, and may be better suited for high-density plantings. 相似文献
77.
Fig has been a typical fruit component of the health-promoting Mediterranean diet for a very long time. Phytochemical characters and antioxidant capacity of green-, yellow-, brown-, purple-, and black-fruited fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions were investigated. In this study, total phenolics (TP), total anthocyanins (TA), fructose (FRUC), glucose (GLUC), sucrose (SUC), and variables (such as L*, a*, C*, and hue°) describing fruit skin colors were examined. Also, the antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fig fruits was determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Antioxidant capacity was significantly correlated with the polyphenol and anthocyanin (r = 0.74 and 0.63, respectively) contents of fruits. Black fig accessions had the highest TAC (range of 7.9–16.1, mean 12.4 Fe2+ mmol/kg FW), TA (range of 32.3–356.0, mean 128.4 μg cy-3-rutinoside/g FW), and TP content (range of 69.1–220.0, mean 118.9 mg GAE/100 g FW). These black-fruited accessions had 2-fold greater TAC, 15-fold greater TA, and 2.5-fold greater TP than green and yellow fig accessions. However, the FRUC, GLUC, and SUC content of brown and purple fig accessions were higher than those of other color groups. The predominant sugars present were fructose (∼56%) and glucose (∼43%), as determined by HPLC. 相似文献
78.
Most of Pinus brutia (Ten.) Holmboe forests are grazed, as silvopastoralism is well adapted in the Mediterranean environment. However, little
attention has been paid to the demographic dynamic of the understorey vegetation even though it is strongly affected by the
absorbed radiation. The purpose of this study was to examine the adaptation of herbaceous plant species under a Pinus brutia canopy, in Northern Greece. Monocultures of four plant groups (annual and perennial grasses, annual and perennial legumes)
were sown in experimental areas of 50%, 70% and 100% light intensity. The density of annual and perennial grasses and perennial
legumes were decreased by the shade cast by the Pinus brutia canopy. Population density of the annual legumes was little affected by light intensity: the annual grasses Bromus mollis L. and Lolium rigidum Gaudin; the perennial grasses Dactylis glomerata L. var. palestine, Festuca arundinacea and Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn; the perennial legume Medicago sativa L. var. romana; the annual legumes Medicago lupulina L. and all the tested varieties of Trifolium subterraneum adapted well to the 50% light intensity habitat. 相似文献
79.
Céline Leroy Sylvie Sabatier Novi Sari Wahyuni Jean-François Barczi Jean Dauzat Marilyne Laurans Daniel Auclair 《Agroforestry Systems》2009,77(1):37-47
In agroforestry systems, the distribution of light transmitted under tree canopies can be a limiting factor for the development
of intercrops. The light available for intercrops depends on the quantity of light intercepted by tree canopies and, consequently,
on the architecture of the tree species present. The influence of tree architecture on light transmission was analysed using
dynamic 3D architectural models. The architectural analysis of Acacia mangium and Tectona grandis was performed in Indonesian agroforestry systems with trees aged from 1 to 3 years. 3D virtual trees were then generated
with the AmapSim simulation software and 3D virtual experiments in which tree age, planting density, planting pattern and
pruning intensity varied were reconstructed in order to simulate light available for the crop. Canopy closure of trees was
more rapid in A. mangium than in T. grandis agroforestry systems; after 3 years the quantity of light available for A. mangium intercrops was three times lower than under T. grandis. Simulations with A. mangium showed that practices such as pruning and widening tree spacing enable to increase the total transmitted light within the
stand. On T. grandis, modification of the tree row azimuth resulted in changes in the spatial and seasonal distribution of light available for
the intercrops. These results are discussed in terms of agroforestry system management.
相似文献
Sylvie SabatierEmail: |
80.
This study examined the hypothesis that incorporation of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp.) (gliricidia), a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing tree, into agroforestry systems in southern Malawi may be used
to increase the input of organic fertilizer and reduce the need for expensive inorganic fertilizers. The productivity of maize
(Zea mays L.), pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) and gliricidia grown as sole stands or in mixed cropping systems was examined at Makoka Research Station (latitude 15°
30′ S, longitude 35° 15′ E) and a nearby farm site at Nazombe between 1996 and 2000. Treatments included gliricidia intercropped
with maize, with or without pigeonpea, and sole stands of gliricidia, maize and pigeonpea. Trees in the agroforestry systems
were pruned before and during the cropping season to provide green leaf manure. Maize yields and biomass production by each
component were determined and fractional light interception was measured during the reproductive stage of maize. Substantial
quantities of green leaf manure (2.4 to 9.0 Mg ha−1 year−1) were produced from the second or third year after tree establishment. Green leaf manure and fuelwood production were greatest
when gliricidia was grown as unpruned sole woodlots (c. 8.0 and 22 Mg ha−1 year−1 respectively). Improvements in maize yield in the tree-based systems also became significant in the third year, when c. 3.0 Mg ha−1 of grain was obtained. Tree-based cropping systems were most productive and exhibited greater fractional light interception
(c. 0.6 to 0.7) than cropping systems without trees (0.1 to 0.4). No beneficial influence of pigeonpea on maize performance
was apparent either in the presence or absence of gliricidia at either site in most seasons. However, as unpruned gliricidia
provided the greatest interception of incident solar radiation (>0.9), coppicing may be required to reduce shading when gliricidia
is grown together with maize. As pigeonpea production was unaffected by the presence of gliricidia, agroforestry systems containing
gliricidia might be used to replace traditional maize + pigeonpea systems in southern Malawi.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献